Zlatko Kopljar: AUSLÖSCHUNG | ERASION

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ZLATKO KOPLJAR: ERASION (Works from 1990–2024)
At a time of deeply felt crises and new wars, the work of Croatian artist Zlatko Kopljar is an artistic example of an ethical and aesthetic (re)orientation: Kopljar explores the lasting after-effects of the traumas of the 20th century for the present day and subjects them to artistic transformation. In co-production with steirischer herbst ‘24, the KULTUMUSEUM Graz is showing a retrospective of the artist's work spanning a period of 30 years.
The brick tower in the inner courtyard of the Minorite Monastery in Graz was the most outwardly visible of the 22 “Constructions” by Croatian artist Zlatko Kopljar that were exhibited on three floors at steirischer herbst 24 in the KULTUM: Following the major retrospective at the MSU1 in Zagreb in 2019/20, it was the artist’s largest retrospective to date, which was expanded in Graz with the series of iconoclastic paintings created in recent years—referred to as “Disturbances”. With this show, the artist is handing over the majority of his multimedia work to the collection of the KULTUMUSEUM Graz, which focuses on how dimensions of religion appear in contemporary art.
The fruitful, sometimes disturbing relationship between ethics and aesthetics is at the centre of this important work by Zlatko Kopljar for our collection, which occupies its own museum space in the hitherto imaginary museum project of ‘No Museum Has God ’2. And with it the question of what role the artist can play in the socio-political balance of power with all its distortions and what answers he can provide for society. Kopljar’s answer is existentially condensed and politically demanding, even global at the same time. At times it has the traits of a lonely prophet, a tireless preacher against forgetting, then again of a global pilgrim in front of the power centers, at times even of a messianic figure of redemption and light. One finds elementary expressions of faith (I believe), prayer (DSASFSI,UE?) and forgiveness (K6) as well as those of despair (K7) and the darkest abyss. In his work, Kopljar deals very early on with the themes of guilt and sacrifice after the experience of war. The rituals of purification (Sacrifice) search for ways to erase these deeds. There is a direct Braille version of the Apocalypse (Vinculum II), references to apocalyptic farewell speeches (K9), pacifist “love shots” (Love Shot) or rituals of purification and absolution (Sacrifice): The beginning of Zlatko Kopljar’s artistic path coincided with the years of the Croatian War of Independence, which is called the “Balkan War” in Western parlance, but which is far too unspecific for the artist: “We were attacked. No one helped us back then; instead of weapons, the EU sent us an embargo. “3
So the angel of help did not materialize—this association was made in one of several artist talks before a re-enactment of a historical “Abraham’s sacrifice” according to Gen 22 (Sacrifice of Isaac) from 1993. But even then, a motif was foreshadowed that would carry Zlatko Kopljar through the following decades of his life: Resistance, resisting false myths of victimization, his resistance—against systems of constricting or freedom-robbing power. He refers not only to politics, but also to art: he will block the former MSU (Museum of Contemporary Art in Zagreb) with a 12-ton concrete block in the K4 action. He will proclaim the two concrete models of the MoMA in New York and the Tate Modern in London as “empty” (K20 Empty) or call them “Reliquary”: Museums should exhibit the art of artists, not that of curators. The motif of resistance will largely characterize Kopljar’s art, but it is paired with strange words, such as “pity”, “emptiness”, ultimately even “failure”.
Kneeling, of all things, is the strongest motif of resistance in Kopljar’s work; he did this for the first time in New York (K9 compassion), and later worldwide in front of other important buildings of power (K9 compassion+).Kopljar carried out the last of these kneeling performances for the time being on the polished stone surface of Franjo Tudjman’s grave: K9 compassion at home.
The presentation of almost the entire artistic oeuvre of Zlatko Kopljar in Graz took place in the partner program of steirischer herbst 24 with his theme “HORROR PATRIAE”, in a political election year that has seen the threatening rise of populist, in some cases far-right parties both locally and internationally. Kopljar is constantly revisiting his personal “Horror Patriae” in a wide variety of media, which is also a general and topical issue—not just for Austria, but for Europe as a whole.
The artist extends his own trauma, based on the wars in the then disintegrating Yugoslavia, to the traumas of the 20th and 21st centuries. His questions are becoming increasingly topical. The fact that the brick tower mentioned at the beginning of the exhibition rests on euro pallets cast in aluminum is a symbolic reference to the fact that the current political shift to the right in Europe has become a European problem. He was finally quoted resignedly in the TV report on this exhibition on ORF: “I’ve had enough of certain things from our past, because they are happening again, but on a much larger scale. I’ve had enough. I can’t start my work all over again. “4
So what Kopljar has done: To explore the concepts of fascism and its extermination machine, subsequent communism and capitalism with their late consequences and successors, and—dare I use the stiff word—to transcend them artistically. His recurring question in life is: “What role does the artist and art itself play in all these fields?” Even if he—or she—should fail in the end, the artist goes through a dialectic within the framework of his creative processes and the images evoked from them, which should be particularly emphasized here. What unites all these processes and images in Zlatko Kopljar’s work has an ambiguous intersection with the exhibition theme of ERASION.
This brings me back to the opening image (K19): in many cases, the memory that the artist is defending himself against has also been erased: The bricks mentioned were made by forced laborers from a former concentration camp in Jasenovac (where just as many people were killed as in Mauthausen in Austria)—there is blood on them. Their makers, both men and women, were literally wiped out in the concentration camp. The traces of his father’s violent death are erased after a few weeks (K6). The sight of the blind people in Kopljar’s performances is erased (but they see more in the end) (K1): Even the first of his constructions bears this signature.
Kopljar erects a monument to the artists of his Croatian homeland who have been erased from the public consciousness and recognition in the large-format photo series of K11. After his own erasion in K12, he encounters the light: he goes to the source of the light and becomes a figure of light (K13 to K18). Subsequently, he will accompany political aberrations (K14), iconic memories (K15), historical anamneses (K16) and current processes of greed, illuminate them with his aura or be helplessly at their mercy (K17): The fact that he stands lifted above the skyscrapers of New York, in the corner and is ashamed, is the last appearance of the light figure before it is finally disembodied in the course of nature in K18—erased.
After the brick towers (K19) and the concrete models that followed, Kopljar finally bid farewell to this form of art and began a phase as a painter. These paintings, which have been created since 2021, were shown for the first time in this exhibition. They are convincing precisely because of the EXPLOSION of their imagery: now it is about the experience of the sublime, perhaps also about the incursion of the absolute—especially in the disturbances: the paintings are called “Disturbances”. They evoke associations of peace, spirituality and the sublime.
What can art contribute to important social issues? Zlatko Kopljar has actually dedicated his entire life’s work to this question. He appeals to the distinction between good and evil, he believes in ethical action. He is not naïve, on the contrary. He relies on the power of the subject and believes in presence—even after its erasion. His work is now part of our museum. I am very pleased about this and thank the artist for the trust he has placed in us to carry his work into the future.
Johannes Rauchenberger